10 Problems of a Dying Church (and How to Fix Them)

I recently wrote a blog about how to kill a dying church, asking questions about what to do with so many churches dying. I think the challenge is recognizing the signs that a church is dying. The problem is that churches tend to wither, which is a slow, gradual, and often subtle process. It is difficult to pinpoint when in the withering process it is time to take action, to make changes, and to make some vital decisions. While there are many reasons for a church dying, here are some practical observations that I have noticed in my experience. This list is certainly not exhaustive. It is also a list that my congregation has personally had to face, so I give examples of how my congregation has addressed these issues:

Reason 1: The church building always seems to be the downfall or albatross for churches. The repairs or maintenance of the building becomes too big of a burden to bear for small congregations and either depletes the savings or endowment fund, or goes ignored and the building falls in further disrepair.

For my congregation, it's all about the sanctuary and everything in it. Everything in our sanctuary is about 100 years old, which doesn't mix well when the the congregation is mostly young families with kids and toddlers running around. In a previous post, I share how we converted broken pews to something kids in worship could use.

Reason 2: The search process. More and more churches don't have the energy to go through the traditional process of finding a new pastor due to conflicts, lack of energy, lack of vision, and finances. However, I've also experienced where congregations of 20 to 50 people making the interview process more cumbersome than it needs to be -- making pastors jump through more hoops than a traditional search process. When my congregation hired me, my salary drew from designated funds that had enough to fund my position for three years. If my position wasn't able to be funded in the regular budget in three years, my position would have been terminated. Now going on my eighth year, my salary is a part of the regular budget, but that only happened through thoughtful changes and a willingness to take a chance.

Reason 3: Income. One way congregations stay afloat is by renting out space in their church to renters. This is a great way to have the community use church space for AA groups, toddler classes, before- and after-school programs, music lessons, weddings, etc. The danger is when the rental income far outweighs the income from weekly tithes and offerings. This one particularly hits close to home. Our congregation is heavily dependent upon rental income. With the downturn in the economy, many of these renters have had to move away. This left a huge hole in our budget. Our budget is pretty bare bones, so we had to find creative ways to communicate our financial situation to our congregation. I wrote in a previous blog, what we did this year and it seems to have increased awareness as well as tithing.

Reason 4: Membership. Like most denominations, the Presbyterian Church keeps track of membership. The size of your membership determines how many voting representatives a congregation has and the amount of per capita a congregation pays. What a size of membership does not determine is the health of a congregation. Bigger is not always better. I can't tell you how many congregations, both big and small, that I have visited that say on paper they are 200, but worship at 30 or say they are 700, but worship at 300. It's hard to rejuvenate a dying church when one is not realistic about its current state in membership.

Reason 5: Staff. Along the lines of membership, it is important to get realistic about the staff design of one's church. I've met with many congregations that worship at 30 to 50, and yet are only willing to hire a part-time pastor. I will first admit that my congregation is unusual since it has two full-time pastors at the size of 120. I will also say though that besides two part-time music staff, we have no other staff.

Reason 6: Maintenance. It is not a good sign when a congregation has decided that it is more important to maintain the traditions of the church than to explore ways that they may need to change and adapt in order to be relevant in their community. Churches that have existed for a long time seem to have the most challenges in doing this. However, communities change, demographics change, circumstances change, not to mention the needs of people change. Churches that seem to be vulnerable to this are those that have enough of an endowment for them to exist until the very last member.

Reason 7: Ministry. This touches on #6, but I can honestly not stress enough how one of the clearest signs that a congregation is withering is when they are not able to see ministry beyond the existence of their church. Take a serious look at what is holding your congregation back from being a vital, healthy ministry. Let those things that seem broken inspire change, creativity, and a new sense of energy to do exciting and relevant ministry in the community. Look at how to partner with new church developments or racial ethnic churches that need space. In a previous blog, I share how broken pews inspired change to look at our sanctuary space and how we worship.

Reason 8: Worship. No matter what your style of worship -- contemporary, traditional, casual, or formal -- the most important part of worship is how visitors feel included and welcomed when they visit.

• When visitors arrive, is there someone greeting them at the door? Is there someone accessible to tell them about Sunday School, hand them a bulletin, and other pertinent information?

• Do visitors get a sense that they can sit anywhere or do members give off a vibe that certain seats "belong" to certain regular attendees?

• Are there traditional practices in worship that regular attendees recite by heart, and therefore assume visitors would be familiar as well, such as the Lord's Prayer or certain times when congregation stands?

• After worship, is coffee and fellowship hour located in an accessible location? Is the room set up for clicks and groups to sit off by themselves?

Visiting a church for the first time can be intimidating. Eliminating as many barriers as possible makes it easier for a visitor to feel comfortable. The community my church sits in is full of young families. In a previous post, I share ways that we changed our worship space to make it more welcoming for young families. These changes did not come easily. We are currently going through some growing pains and recently made a series of covenants that hopefully address some of the feelings and anxieties of having 85 kids in a church of 120 members.

Reason 9: Risk. There is no safe way, technique, or strategy that will lead to a congregation becoming healthier. There is risk involved. In the end, after all the study has been done, the congregation has been surveyed, and "experts" have been consulted, it will take a leap of faith and a commitment to see it through. If a congregation is not willing to take a chance on what could be then all that is left is to maintain a steady decline.

Reason 10: Time. This leads me to time. It takes time. There are no quick fixes. Necessary change is a long term process. Sure, in some instances there will be some immediate and positive results, but to change an institution or a system takes time no matter how big or how small the congregation is.

These are just some of my personal observations. What has been your experience and observations? How does your congregation address some of these?

Theresa Cho is a Reno, Nevada native who graduated from McCormick Theological Seminary in Chicago with awards in preaching and theology. She blogs at Still Waters.